| 474–91 | Zeno |
| 475–76 | Basiliscus |
| 491–518 | Anastasius I |
| 518–27 | Justin I (Flavius Justinus) |
| 527 (518)–65 | Justinian the Great (Flavius Justinianus) |
| 565–78 | Justin II (Flavius Justinus) |
| 578 (574)–82 | Tiberius II (Flavius Constantinus Tiberius) |
| 582–602 | Maurice (Maurikios) |
| 602–10 | Phocas I |
| 610–41 | Heraclius I |
| 641 | Constantine III (Constantinus) |
| 641 | Heracleon (Heracleonas) |
| 641–68 | Constans II |
| 668–85 | Constantine IV (Pogonatus) |
| 685–95 | Justinian II (Rhinotmetus) |
| 695–98 | Leontius |
| 698–705 | Tiberius II (Apsimar) |
| 705–11 | Justinian II (restored) |
| 711–13 | Philippicus |
| 713–15 | Anastasius II |
| 715–17 | Theodosius III |
| 717–41 | Leo III (the Isaurican |
| 741–75 | Constantine V (Kopronymos) |
| 775–80 | Leo IV |
| 780–97 | Constantine VI (Porphyrogenetos) |
| 797–802 | Irene (empress) |
| 802–11 | Nicephorus I |
| 811 | Stauracius (Staurakios) |
| 811–13 | Michael I (Rhangabé) |
| 813–20 | Leo V (the Armenian) |
| 820–29 | Michael II (Balbus) |
| 829 (820)–42 | Theophilus I |
| 842–67 | Michael III |
| 867 (866)–86 | Basil I (the Macedonian) |
| 886–912 | Leo VI (the Wise) |
| 912–13 | Alexander II |
| 912–59 | Constantine VII (Porphyrogenetos) |
| 920–44 | Romanus I (Lekcapenus) |
| 959–63 | Romanus II |
| 963 (976)–1025 | Basil II (Bulgaroktonos) |
| 963–69 | Nicephorus II (Phocas) |
| 969–76 | John I (Tzimisces) |
| 1025 (976)–28 | Constantine VIII |
| 1028–50 | Zoë (empress) |
| 1028–34 | Romanus III (Argyropulos) |
| 1034–41 | Michael IV (the Paphlagonian) |
| 1041–42 | Michael V (Kalaphates) |
| 1042–55 | Constantine IX (Monomachus) |
| 1055–56 | Theodora (empress) |
| 1056–57 | Michael VI (Stratioticos) |
| 1057–59 | Isaac I (Komnenos) |
| 1059–67 | Constantine X (Dukas) |
| 1068–71 | Romanus IV (Diogenes) |
| 1071–78 | Michael VII (Parapinakes) |
| 1078–81 | Nicephorus III (Botaniates) |
| 1081–1118 | Alexius I (Comnenus) |
| 1118–43 | John II (Comnenus) |
| 1143–80 | Manuel I (Comnenus) |
| 1180–83 | Alexius II (Comnenus) |
| 1183–85 | Andronicus I (Comnenus) |
| 1185–95 | Isaac II (Angelus) |
| 1195–1203 | Alexius III (Angelus) |
| 1203–4 | Isaac II (restored) |
| 1203–4 | Alexius IV |
| 1204 | Alexius V (Dukas) |
|
| Latin Emperors |
| 1204–5 | Baldwin I |
| 1205–16 | Henry |
| 1216–17 | Peter of Courtenay |
| 1217–19 | Yolande |
| 1219–28 | Robert of Courtenay |
| 1228–61 | Baldwin II |
| 1231–37 | John of Brienne (co-emperor) |
|
| Nicaean Emperors |
| 1204–22 | Theodore I (Lascaris) |
| 1222–54 | John III (Dukas Vatatzes) |
| 1254–58 | Theodore II (Lascaris) |
| 1258–61 | John IV (Lascaris) |
| 1259–61 (1282) | Michael VIII (Paleologos) |
|
| The Paleologi |
| 1261 (1259)–82 | Michael VIII |
| 1282–1328 | Andronicus II (the Elder) |
| 1295–1320 | Michael IX (co-emperor) |
| 1328–41 | Andronicus III (the Younger) |
| 1341–47 | John V (Paleologos) |
| 1347 (1341)–54 | John VI (Kantakuzenos) |
| 1355–76 | John V (restored) |
| 1376–79 | Andronicus IV |
| 1379–91 | John V (restored) |
| 1390 | John VII |
| 1391–1425 | Manuel II |
| 1425–48 | John VIII |
| 1448–53 | Constantine XI |
